The United Kingdom is in the process of updating a significant national plan aimed at readying the entire country — including the armed forces, police, healthcare sector, and industries — for a potential shift to wartime operations, as disclosed by the military’s top official.
Air Chief Marshal Sir Richard Knighton announced that the revised “Government War Book” will necessitate a new approach to resilience, drawing insights from the Cold War era and applying them to contemporary society and infrastructure.
During the London Defence Conference, Knighton also highlighted the impact of the UK’s warning regarding the interception of vessels linked to Russia’s “shadow fleet,” noting that the mere threat has compelled Moscow to either escort these tankers or redirect them away from British waters, with some still spotted off the coast. When asked about potential boarding operations, Knighton affirmed the readiness of the UK military to take action.
A key challenge facing the military is the restoration of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force to a state of readiness following years of underinvestment post the Cold War. Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer and Defence Secretary John Healey have pledged to increase defense spending to 3.5% of GDP by 2035, up from slightly over 2%.
The awaited 10-year Defense Investment Plan, outlining future weaponry and capabilities, is yet to be released, causing uncertainty in the defense industry. Knighton suggested that the delay might be due to the Ministry of Defence seeking expedited access to additional funding, emphasizing the importance of a fully funded and feasible plan, even if it takes longer to finalize.
Central to Knighton’s address was the initiative, led by the Cabinet Office, to revive the concept of the government’s war book — a detailed set of strategies initially developed during World War I. This framework ensured the UK’s preparedness and resilience by outlining mobilization procedures for not only the military but also civilians and industries in crisis situations, including protocols like school closures, healthcare coordination, rationing, and asset protection.
Although the war book system was gradually phased out post the Cold War due to high maintenance costs, Knighton hinted at its reemergence in a modernized form.
He stressed the NATO approach of transitioning to conflict involving both military and civilian aspects, emphasizing the need to fortify critical infrastructure, such as energy, water, and transportation systems, against natural disasters and potential hostile actions.
Knighton further emphasized the necessity for future infrastructure enhancements to consider threats beyond traditional warfare, necessitating distinct priorities and long-term planning across governmental sectors. He also cautioned that the stability enjoyed by Britain in recent decades is facing growing challenges, underscoring the importance of raising public awareness about potential threats and citizens’ role in enhancing national resilience and supporting the armed forces.